Relative Pronouns/ Kata Ganti Penghubung

Relative pronoun adalah kata ganti yang memperkenalkan relative clause. Disebut sebagai “ relative pronouns” karena fungsinya menghubungkan kata tersebut dan menjelaskannya. Sebagai Contoh:

• The person who phoned me last night is my teacher.

Pada contoh diatas “who”

• Berhubungan dengan “person/orang”
• Memperkenalkan klausa penghubung (Relative Clause): “who phoned me last night”

Ada lima relative pronouns:  who, whom, whose, which, that.

Who (subject) dan whom (object) dan umumnya sebagai kata ganti orang (person). Whose  untuk kata ganti kepemilikan (possession). Which untuk kata ganti benda. Dan that juga sebagai kata ganti untuk orang  dan benda yang posisinya sebagai subject atau object untuk menjelaskan relative clause (Merupakan klausa yang penting untuk kalimat dan tidak hanya sebagai penambahan info)

Relative pronouns bisa dihubungkan dengan bentuk singular (tunggal) atau plural (jamak), dan tidak membedakan antara pria atau wanita

Perhatikan contoh di bawah ini.

	Contoh kalimat S=subject, O=object, P=possessive		Keterangan
defining	S	- The person who phoned me last night is my teacher. - The person that phoned me last night is my teacher.	That lebih sering digunakan
		- The car which hit me was yellow. - The cars that hit me were yellow.	That lebih sering digunakan
	O	- The person whom I phoned last night is my teacher. - The people who I phoned last night are my teachers. - The person that I phoned last night is my teacher. - The person I phoned last night is my teacher.	Penempatan Whom-nya betul tapi pengunaan nya sangat formal. The relative pronoun sebagai pilihan lain.
		- The car which I drive is old. - The car that I drive is old. - The car I drive is old.	That lebih sering digunakan daripada  which. The relative pronoun sebagai pilihan.
	P	- The student whose phone just rang should stand up. - Students whose parents are wealthy pay extra.
		- The police are looking for the car whose driver was masked. - The police are looking for the car of which the driver was masked.	Of which untuk benda, tapi whose bisa juga digunakan
non-defining	S	- Mrs Pratt, who is very kind, is my teacher.
		- The car, which was a taxi, exploded. - The cars, which were taxis, exploded.
	O	- Mrs Pratt, whom I like very much, is my teacher. - Mr and Mrs Pratt, who I like very much, are my teachers.	Whom-nya betul dan tingkatan formal.Who biasa saja.
		- The car, which I was driving at the time, suddenly caught fire.
	P	- My brother, whose phone you just heard, is a doctor.
		- The car, whose driver jumped out just before the accident, was completely destroyed. - The car, the driver of which jumped out just before the accident, was completely destroyed.	Of which untuk benda, tapi whose bisa juga digunakan

Taken from http://www.englishclub.com/ for original English version. Translated by David Haris

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